Health risk of biogas effluent exposure and handling in Vietnam

The study provides a framework to estimate the health risk of farmers exposed to biogas effluent.
The study addresses the SDG 6.3: to contribute to inform water recycling and reuse.
Exposure to biogas effluent represents an important health risk.
Risk mitigation should focus on exposure reduction including raising farmer awareness and use of personal protective equipment
Treatment of wastewater at the source to improve water quality is needed for long term intervention